ADHD/ADD in Children

In this article, we’ll explore the important aspects of ADD/ADHD, from understanding what these conditions are and how they differ, to recognizing the common characteristics and potential positive traits in children with ADHD. 

If you have concerns or questions about your child’s behavior, consider consulting the experienced team at Bootin and Savrick Pediatric Associates in Houston, Texas, for personalized guidance and support. Our providers are ready to give your family the quality care and attention you’re looking for!

A child with ADHD/ADD struggling to focus on schoolwork is frustrated in Houston, Texas.

What is ADD/ADHD?

Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are common mental disorders that can affect children. ADHD/ADD is characterized by difficulties in sustaining attention, hyperactivity, and impulsive behaviors, which can impact a child’s academic performance, social interactions, and daily life.

What is the Difference Between ADD and ADHD?

ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) and ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) are terms often used interchangeably, but they describe different presentations of a similar condition affecting a child’s ability to focus and control impulses. The main difference between the two lies in the presence of hyperactivity.

ADHD is the more commonly recognized term today and includes symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity. Children with ADHD may display behaviors such as fidgeting, excessive talking, difficulty waiting their turn, or interrupting others. This form of the disorder can make it challenging for kids to stay seated or quiet, especially in structured settings like school.

ADHD can also present as an inattentive type. Kids with this type do not exhibit hyperactive behaviors but struggle with inattention. They may have difficulty focusing, following through on tasks, or organizing activities. These symptoms can sometimes go unnoticed because they are less disruptive than the hyperactive type.

Understanding the differences between ADD and ADHD can help parents and caregivers identify the specific needs of a child and seek appropriate support. If you’re concerned about your child’s symptoms, consulting with a healthcare professional can provide clarity and guidance on the best steps forward. Early intervention can make a significant difference in managing the condition and helping children thrive.

What Are the Common Characteristics of ADD/ADHD in Children?

Children with ADD and ADHD often exhibit a range of symptoms that can affect their daily lives, academic performance, and social interactions. Some common characteristics of children with ADD/ADHD are listed below. 

  • Inattention: One of the key symptoms of an attention disorder is difficulty focusing. Children with ADHD may struggle to pay attention in class, often daydreaming or getting easily distracted. They may also have trouble following instructions, finishing tasks, or organizing activities. This can lead to careless mistakes in schoolwork or other activities, not because they don’t know the answers, but because they struggle to focus on details.
  • Hyperactivity and Impulsivity: Children with the hyperactive-impulsive type of ADHD may seem to be in constant motion. They might fidget, tap their hands or feet, or talk excessively. They can also be impulsive, acting without thinking things through, such as interrupting conversations or making hasty decisions. This impulsivity can sometimes lead to social challenges, as they may struggle to wait their turn or respect others’ boundaries.
  • Oppositional Behaviors: Some children with ADHD may also display symptoms of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), which includes patterns of uncooperative, defiant, hostile behavior, and having temper tantrums. They might argue with adults, refuse to comply with rules, or deliberately annoy others. It’s important to note that these behaviors are not intentional misbehavior but are often part of the condition.
  • Common Challenges: Kids with ADHD often face challenges in both academic and social settings. They may have lower grades due to missed assignments or misunderstandings, and they might find it harder to make and keep friends due to impulsive or inattentive behaviors.

What Are the Positive Effects of ADD/ADHD in Children?

While ADD/ADHD can present challenges, there are also positive aspects that can be celebrated in kids with ADHD. Many children with ADHD possess unique strengths and qualities that can be assets in various situations.

Kids with ADHD often have a natural curiosity and a zest for exploring new ideas. They may be highly creative, bringing fresh perspectives to problem-solving and artistic endeavors. Their boundless energy can also be a positive trait, leading them to excel in physical activities or sports.

Additionally, kids with ADHD can be highly resilient. They often develop strong problem-solving skills and perseverance, learning to overcome obstacles in innovative ways. Their impulsivity can sometimes be channeled into boldness and a willingness to take risks, which can be advantageous in certain fields.

By focusing on these strengths and providing the right support, children with ADHD can thrive and reach their full potential. It’s important to recognize and nurture these positive traits, helping kids with ADHD see their unique abilities as strengths rather than challenges.

How is ADD/ADHD Diagnosed?

Diagnosing ADD/ADHD involves a comprehensive evaluation by a child’s doctor. There isn’t a single test for ADHD; instead, the diagnosis is based on a careful assessment of a child’s symptoms and behaviors over time. 

The physicians at Bootin and Savrick Pediatric Associates have great relationships with the providers in our area who do the actual evaluation and can help guide you to a reputable person to properly evaluate your child. After the evaluation, our providers will meet with you and, in most cases, your child and go over the results and help implement any modifications or prescribe appropriate and indicated medications tailored to your child’s needs and schedule.

The process typically begins with a detailed history, where the child’s doctor will ask about the child’s symptoms, such as difficulty paying attention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity. This includes gathering information from parents, teachers, and sometimes the child, to understand how these symptoms present in different settings, like at home or school.

The doctor may also use standardized questionnaires or checklists to evaluate the frequency and severity of symptoms. These tools help compare the child’s behaviors with typical developmental patterns.

Additionally, the doctor may rule out other possible causes for the symptoms, such as learning disabilities or emotional issues. Sometimes, a specialist, such as a psychologist or psychiatrist, may be involved in the evaluation process to ensure an accurate ADHD diagnosis.

Helping a Child with ADD/ADHD

Helping a child with ADHD involves understanding their unique needs and providing a supportive environment. Here are some practical steps parents can take to support their child’s development and well-being:

  1. Establish a Routine: Kids with ADHD often benefit from a consistent daily schedule. A predictable routine helps them know what to expect and reduces uncertainty, making it easier for them to manage tasks and transitions.
  2. Use Positive Reinforcement: Encouraging positive behavior with praise and rewards can be very effective. Acknowledge and celebrate your child’s successes, no matter how small, to boost their confidence and motivation.
  3. Set Clear Expectations and Limits: Clearly communicate rules and expectations. Be specific about what behaviors are acceptable and what are not. Consistency is key, so try to enforce rules in the same way each time.
  4. Encourage Physical Activity: Regular exercise can help reduce symptoms of ADHD. Encourage your child to participate in physical activities they enjoy, which can also provide a healthy outlet for their energy.
  5. Consider Behavioral Therapy: Behavioral therapy, often guided by a mental health professional, can provide valuable strategies for managing ADHD symptoms. It can help your child develop coping skills and improve their behavior and social interactions.
  6. Stay Informed and Connected: Educate yourself about ADHD and stay connected with your child’s teachers and healthcare providers. A team approach ensures that everyone is on the same page and can work together to support your child’s needs.
  7. Foster a Positive Relationship: Building a strong, supportive relationship with your child is crucial. Spend quality time together, listen to their concerns, and show understanding and patience.
  8. Seek Professional Guidance: If you’re unsure how to best support your child, consider consulting with a mental health professional who specializes in ADHD. They can offer personalized advice and support tailored to your child’s specific needs.

Understanding and Supporting Children with ADD/ADHD

Understanding and supporting children with ADD/ADHD can make a significant difference in their lives. By addressing these conditions alongside other childhood illnesses, children can thrive academically and socially, harnessing their unique strengths. 

If you have concerns about your child’s attention or behavior, the dedicated team at Bootin and Savrick Pediatric Associates is here to help. Schedule an appointment today at one of our offices in Houston, TX, to explore the best options for your child’s health and well-being. We’re committed to providing comprehensive care and support for your family’s needs.

Medically reviewed by Monica McGrann, MD and Patti Savrick, MD